Biomass and land use carbon emissions data for nigeria tree cover threshold is used for defining the tree cover area. In the period between 2000 and 2005, nigeria lost about 2, 048, and 000 ha of forest fao. To determine the value of biodiversity loss in the forest reserves of osun state. The threats to biodiversity in nigeria were outlined and analysed. Mechanism for forest biodiversity protection and conservation to enhance food security in benue state, nigeria. Nigeria institute of social and economic research niser lbadan, nigeria abstracttrees in forested and agricultural landscapes are particularly important because they disproportionately provide high values of environmental services and biodiversity. Unfortunately, this rich vegetation continues to decline at an alarming rate. Preserving biodiversity and ecosystem services in west. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The convention on biological diversity cbd addresses the conservation and sustainable use of forest biodiversity through a comprehensive programme of work, adopted in 2002 and revised in 2008 see page 39. The variation in total forest area over time years, the number of forest offences and annual forest fires was appraised in vandeikya local government vlg area, benue state, nigeria. The changes in area of forest by region and subregion are shown in table 1. Pdf forest biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and the.
Nigeria approved national forest policy june 14th 2006. Department of forestry and wildlife technology, federal university of technology, owerri, nigeria corresponding authors email. About 65 of 560 species of trees in nigeria forestry are now faced with extinction while many are at different stage of risk 33. To evolve a model for integrating the costs of biodiversity conservation into accounts.
Popoola 20 stated that nigeria losses 400,000 hectares of forest every year. In this special year, the united nations forum on forests unff and the secretariat of the convention on biological diversity cbd are working together to highlight the. Six wards were randomly selected from the twelve wards making up the local government. Evaluation of forest resources conservation laws in nigeria abere s. Forest and biodiversity play important roles in ecosystem services as. The economic and ecological effects of deforestation on. Considered one of the most ecologically sensitive regions in the world, the niger delta mangrove forest is situated within a deltaic depositional environment. This paper examines the depletion of nigerias natural forest resources consequent upon exploitation without adequate conservation.
However, as the effect of southward movement of the sahara desert is. Wcs, the w logo, we stand for wildlife, i stand for wildlife, and stand for wildlife are service marks of wildlife conservation society. This study was primarily designed to assess the conserving biological diversity for sustainable uses in tropical rainforest of nigeria. The international dimension of illegal wildlife trade in nigeria. About 31% of earths land surface is covered by forests. Forest biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services article pdf available in biodiversity and conservation november 2017 with 1,539 reads how we measure reads.
Biodiversity is a concept that involves different facets of biological variety peters, 1991. Pdf mechanism for forest biodiversity protection and. To estimate the full environmental cost of biodiversity conservation in the forest reserves of osun state, nigeria for accounting purposes. A silvicultural approach to volume yield, biodiversity and. Steering committee, is currently in the process of developing british columbias biodiversity action plan.
The total land mass of nigeria is about 910,770 km 2 and among these, the total forest area covers about 110, 890 km 2 this representing about 12. Human disturbance regimes should mimic natural disturbance. The government has over the years promulgated laws as regards forest conservation and. The major problems include habitat degradation through uncontrolled logging, agricultural projects, industrial plantations, highway and urban development, and exploitation for fuelwood, overhunting and poaching steps taken so far. Biodiversity and carbon potentials of a nigerian forest reserve. Biodiversity and carbon potentials of a nigerian forest. Today there is only one specimen of parkia bicolor in southwestern nigeria. It also examines plantation forestry as the governments strategy for replenishing the countrys lumber resources. Nigeria forest information and data according to the u. Global forest watch map showing forest loss and gain in nigeria between 20012012. The lowland rain forest provides habitat also for about 200 species of birds fao, 2000. The afi river forest reserve is stationed in cross river state. It is important to also note that wildlife biodiversity in nigeria appears to increase from the high forest northwards, with the greatest diversity being in the sudan savanna. Forest has been cleared for logging, timber export, subsistence agriculture and notably the collection of.
As of 2005, nigeria has the highest rate of deforestation in the world according to the food and agriculture organization of the united nations fao. In addition, some state governments are removing the protected status from forest estates without regard for the environment. Forest reserves are expected to host a wide array of biodiversity and provide refuge for rare species that may be threatened in nearby forest. Forest reserves are expected to host a wide array of biodiversity and provide refuge for rare species that may be threatened in nearby forest landscapes. The iita campus is a rich center of biodiversity and is one of the few remaining forest reserves in nigeria where valuable and rare indigenous trees, such as the iroko milicia excelsa, are safe from poachers. Deforestation and greening the nigerian environment. Pdf challenges of deforestation in nigeria and the. This paper sets out to explore the effectiveness of forest conservation laws in nigeria. Forest biodiversity management principles for forest biodiversity from. Introduction the conservation planning tools committee cptc, also known as the biodiversity b.
Therefore, this study examined and assessed tree diversity and abundance in five selected forest reserves in osun state, nigeria with a view to ascertaining the present species status for mitigation decision. Wwviews on biodiversity on saturday september 15th 2012, thousands of people around the world will take part in a global event. Biodiversity is facing a doctrine of crisis proportions which could ultimately lead to mass extinctions in the very near future9. Impact of human activities on biodiversity in nigerian. Nigerias presentday national parks and game reserves were originally forest reserves, first established in the early 1900s. While this is the guiding protocol for most reserves across the tropics, such as nigeria, the extent to which they host biodiversity and act as potential stores for carbon are quite uncertain. Tropical montane forest biodiversity in nigeria case study of ngel nyaki forest reserve, mambilla plateau nternational journal of environmental sciences, vol. The most concentrated deforestation occurs in tropical rainforests. Nigeria is a biodiversity hotspot with levels of endemism and species richness comparable to anywhere in the world. Tropical montane forest biodiversity in nigeria case. Pdf nigerian forestry, wildlife and protected areas. Nigeria is the most populous country in africa and has highly diverse forest ecosystems. Biodiversity, therefore, is being exploited at much faster rates than ever before with negative implications for sustainable human livelihood78.
Animals and most people around the world depend on plant species for food, shelter and clothing. Ethnobotany and biodiversity conservation in the niger. Duchelle, 2007 including inter alia, taxonomic richness, genetic differences in each taxon, communities, ecosystems, landscapes within which organisms inhabit and the indigenous knowledge of nature possessed by the natives living on the land kunwar et al. It is a landscape dominated by people, and the population continues to grow about 2. Introduction nigeria is a country about the size of the u. The red line shows the average change acrossallcombinations ofgenes,species,ortraits. A current biodiversity species statistics was given. Associate professor of forest measurements department of forestry and wood technology federal university of. Nigeria secretariat of the convention on biological diversity. It is a tropical forest in west africa, upper and lower, that cuts across several africa countries from guinea to sierra leone as well as beyond the bor ders of nigeria see table 1 comprising fragmented. Fostering livelihood security through conservation of. Successful baseline inventory of biodiversity successful establishment of small projects through small loans in some project communities. Many of these management actions also contribute to climate change mitigation through.
Tree structural and species diversities in okwangwo forest, cross river state, nigeria adeyemi, a. Studies have shown that forest has undergone different levels of disturbance due to anthropogenic activities which impacted tree diversity, abundance and species composition. An important milestone in the development of the action plan. Traditional beliefs and conservation of natural resources. Thegreypolygonrepresents the 95% confidence interval, whereas red dots give maximum and minimum.
The report identified that the principles for the strategy in the nigerian nbsap could be based on the need to manage the biodiversity of nigeria in the five priority ecological areas of. For example, 75% includes only areas with more than 75% tree cover, whereas 10% includes all areas with more than 10% tree cover. Causes, effects and control strategies 5 deforestation are maintained. It argues that it is ecologically unwise to clearfell reserves of native rain forest and replant them with monoculture tree plantations, especially. Introduction the cross river state of nigeria is blessed with natural forest ecosystem where living and nonliving organisms interact with one another. Biodiversity in forests, savannah woodlands and coastal mangroves make significant direct contribution to the. Plantation forestry and forest conservation in nigeria. Nigerians depend on tropical forest ecosystem for both timber and nontimber forest products to meet their daily needs. Assessment of tree diversity and abundance in selected. Assessment of environmental impact of deforestation in. Mbadede, mbagbera, mbaakaange, mbaityough, ningev and tsambe. Anambra waxbill, ibadanmalimbe, jos plateau indigobird and the rock firefinch are endemic to the country, making them globally important species for conservation nigeria national biodiversity strategy and action plan nbsap, 2007.
Indeed some 31 countries do not even make the list because they have already removed most of their forests and even if that remain are seriously fragmented and degraded. Forest reserves in nigeria and their locations legit. Many of these management actions also contribute to climate change mitigation through reducing emissions from forests, conserving forest carbon or enhancing forest carbon sinks. Pdf current status of plant diversity and conservation in nigeria. The project will engage ordinary citizens in as many countries as possible in the process of policymaking and awareness raising to sustain a.
Between 1990 and 2010, nigeria lost an average of 409,650 ha or 2. General management principles and a checklist of strategies to guide forest biodiversity conservation. Nigeria has extensive mangrove forests in the coastal region of the niger delta. Pdf deforestation trends in forest estates of vandeikya. However, as the effect of southward movement of the sahara desert is progressing.
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